摘要
根據艾瑞克森心理社會發展理論，老年期的正向心理發展任務為「自我統整」，透過生命回顧老人將過去帶到當下，重新經驗並獲得各階段的和諧，當老人對其生命感到有意義時，就能以正向的態度面對自己晚年生活中所需面對挑戰。本研究透過融合藝術、園藝、音樂及懷舊等多元輔助療法教案之實施，引導中老年人敘說生命故事，並與當下連結，表達自我內心之感受，重新賦予生命意義，進而提升靈性健康及生活滿意度。實驗採兩組平行對照組等待名單設計（waiting list control group），立意取樣，招募年齡50歲以上的社區中老年人，實驗組進行每週一次，每次二小時，連續八週多元輔療課程介入，對照組維持原有作息，評估工具為生活滿意度量表、臺灣老年人之靈性健康量表及幸福感量表。完成實驗者共計60人，兩組受試者在年齡、教育程度及學習據點三個項目有顯著的差異，實驗組（30人）成員以長青學苑29人（96.7%）為主；對照組（30人）成員以宗教團體25人（83.3%）為主。獨立樣本t檢定分析組間差異，兩組的生活滿意度與靈性健康之前、後測總分無顯著差異；幸福感部分，對照組前測總分高於實驗組，比較兩組的改變量，結果顯示實驗組幸福感提升11.26%，對照組提升1.34%，呈顯著差異（p < 0.05）。組內前後差異分析結果顯示，實驗組與對照組生活滿意度總分皆有顯著提升（p < 0.01；p < 0.05）；幸福感部分，實驗組呈現上升趨勢（p < 0.05）；靈性健康部分，實驗組僅在「生命意義」分項達到顯著效益（p < 0.05），其他皆未達顯著效益。研究結果顯示，多元輔助療法有助於提升中老年人幸福感及生活滿意度，靈性健康部分則未達顯著效益。研究對象之年齡、教育程度及宗教信仰亦會影響介入成效。
關鍵字
中老年人 ； 多元輔助療法 ； 生活滿意度 ； 靈性健康 ； 幸福感
並列摘要
According to Erickson's theory of psychosocial development, the task of positive psychological development in old age is "self-integration". Through life review, the elderly brings the past to the present, re-experience and achieve harmony in all stages. This project guides the middle-aged and elderly to tell their life stories through the well-designed program of multiple complementary therapies, and connect with the present, express inner feelings, give life meaning again and improve spiritual health, life satisfaction and happiness. The experiment adopted a two-group parallel and waiting control design with purposive sampling. The experiment recruited community people over the age of 50. Experimental group received multiple complementary therapies once a week for 2 hour each time, a total of eight weeks. The control group maintained the original routine. A total of 60 participants completed the experiment. In the part of happiness, the total pre-test score of the control group was higher than that of the experimental group, comparing the changes between groups, the results showed that the experimental group's happiness increased by 11.26%, and the control group increased by 1.34%, showing a significant difference (p < 0.05). Both groups had a significant increase in the total score of life satisfaction (p < 0.01; p < 0.05). The experimental group showed significant improvement in happiness (p < 0.05) and in the "meaning of life" sub-item of spiritual health (p < 0.05). The results of this study showed that multiple complementary therapies could help improve the well-being and life satisfaction of middle-aged and elderly. The age, education level and religious belief of the research subjects would also affect the intervention effect.
並列關鍵字
Middle-aged and elderly ； ； life satisfaction ； spiritual health ； happiness
出版資訊
ISSN : 2313-8963
DOI :
出版單位 : 中華國際自然醫學學會 , 台灣
收錄起始 : 1卷1期(2014/09)
學科分類：醫藥衛生 > 醫藥總論
刊頻 : 半年刊 , 正常發行